Property

Diesel

(2D)

Biodiesel

(FAME)

GVL

Lower heating value (MJ/kg)

43

38 [16]

25 [17] [18]

Density (g/cm³), 15˚C

0.82

0.86 - 0.90^a

1.04

Kinematic viscosity (mm²/s), 40˚C

2.5

3.5 - 5.0^a

2.1

1.9 - 6.0^b

Flash point (˚C)

66

>120^a

96

>130^b

Composition (wt%)

C

87

77

60

H

13

12

8

O

0

11

32

Cetane number

55

>51^a

<10^c

>47^b